What is Philosophy?

Let’s explore common answers to the question: “What is philosophy?”

Philosophy is the love of wisdom. Can modern research tools help us understand philosophy? Or are the ancient definitions the best? Let’s discover the answers together.

A philosopher stares out the window, and ponders the question: what is philosophy? -- while sitting on spiral staircase, in a library full of books.
A philosopher stares out the window, while sitting on spiral staircase, in a library. A simulated watercolor painting – digital art by Doug Vos.

What is Philosophy? AI Answers

Let’s compare the answers given by several artificial intelligence (AI) tools. The question was rephrased to place limits on the verbosity of the output. The following inquiries were made on 18-Dec-2024: Define “philosophy” in three sentences or less.

“Philosophy is the systematic and critical investigation of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, and reality through rational inquiry and logical reasoning. It seeks to understand the deepest principles underlying human experience by challenging assumptions, examining concepts, and exploring the nature of truth, meaning, and human understanding. Philosophers use logical argumentation and critical thinking to probe complex questions about metaphysics, ethics, epistemology, and the human condition that cannot be fully answered through empirical science alone.” ~ Claude

“Philosophy is the study of fundamental questions concerning existence, knowledge, values, reason, and language. It seeks to understand the nature of reality, the limits of human understanding, and the principles guiding human thought and behavior. Philosophers explore these issues through reasoned argument and critical analysis.” ~ ChapGPT

“Philosophy is the systematic study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. It explores these concepts through critical thinking, logical arguments, and reasoned discourse. Essentially, philosophy seeks to understand the nature of reality and our place within it.” ~ Gemini

“Philosophy is the pursuit of understanding the fundamental nature of reality, existence, and knowledge. It involves critical reflection on concepts such as ethics, metaphysics, epistemology, and logic. At its core, philosophy seeks to answer life’s biggest questions through reasoned argument and systematic inquiry.” ~ Grok

Quick Video Introduction

What is Philosophy? – A short video introduction by Thomas Metcalf and Train of Thoughts

Webster’s 1828 Dictionary Definition

“Literally, the love of wisdom. But in modern acceptation, philosophy is a general term denoting an explanation of the reasons of things; or an investigation of the causes of all phenomena both of mind and of matter. When applied to any particular department of knowledge, it denotes the collection of general laws or principles under which all the subordinate phenomena or facts relating to that subject are comprehended…”

“The objects of philosophy are to ascertain facts or truth, and the causes of things or their phenomena; to enlarge our views of God and his works, and to render our knowledge of both practically useful and subservient to human happiness.”

“True religion and true philosophy must ultimately arrive at the same principle.”

Other Definitions

The Philosophy Basics website reviews definitions from several sources, including the American Heritage Dictionary, the Penguin English Dictionary, Wikipedia, and Wordnet (among others).

“At it’s simplest, philosophy (from the Greek word φιλοσοφία or philosophia, meaning ‘the love of wisdom’) is the study of knowledge or ‘thinking about thinking’ “.

  • Investigation of the nature, causes, or principles of reality, knowledge, or values, based on logical reasoning rather than empirical methods (American Heritage Dictionary)
  • The study of the ultimate nature of existence, reality, knowledge and goodness, as discoverable by human reasoning (Penguin English Dictionary)
  • The rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics (WordNet)

“In common usage, it sometimes carries the sense of unproductive or frivolous musings, but over the centuries it has produced some of the most important original thought, and its contribution to politics, sociology, mathematics, science and literature has been inestimable. Although the study of philosophy may not yield ‘the meaning of life, the universe and everything’, many philosophers believe that it is important that each of us examines such questions and even that an unexamined life is not worth living.” ~ Basics of Philosophy


Philosophy is concerned with large, difficult, and controversial questions, many of which have been the subject of inquiry and debate since ancient times. ~ Princeton University


An old philosopher sitting by a spiral staircase.
Philosopher by the Spiral Staircase. A simulated watercolor painting — digital art by Doug Vos.

What is Philosophy? – Search Engine Results

Bing Result – Top of Page

Philosophy is the systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning existence, reason, knowledge, value, mind, and language. It is a rational and critical inquiry that reflects on its own methods and assumptions. The word 'philosophy' comes from the Greek for 'love of wisdom'.

The top of page result on Bing is derived from Britannica.com, Dictionary.com, and Wikipedia.org. The numbered ‘footnotes’ link to the definitions.

Duck, Duck, Go – Top of Page

Next to a statue of the thinker is a definition of philosophy from Wikipedia: Philosophy is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, value, mind, and language. It is a rational and critical inquiry that reflects on its own methods and assumptions.

Similar to Bing, the top two results are from Britannica and Wikipedia.

Everything is Related to Philosophy

What are the most fundamental questions of all questions? What are the ultimate questions in life? Why is everything related? A Wikipedia article explores this phenomenon, and the video below demonstrates it.

What is at the top level of all “what is …” questions? Can you guess?

Observations About the Answers

  • Three of the generative AI tools quote the phrase “fundamental questions”. They describe philosophy as a ‘”study of” or “investigation” of fundamental questions. The phrase is derived from a Wikipedia article, which is also quoted by the search engines.
  • Webster’s 1828 definition is still one of the best, since it explains the etymology: the love of wisdom.
  • Love and wisdom are hard concepts for artificial intelligence (AI) to ‘understand’.

Warnings Against Vain Philosophy

Do you truly love wisdom? Beware of fools who masquerade as wise men.

Romans 1:22 (NIV) says: “Although they claimed to be wise, they became fools.”

Colossians 2:8 (NIV) says: “See to it that no one takes you captive through hollow and deceptive philosophy, which depends on human tradition and the elemental spiritual forces of this world rather than on Christ.”

Google’s Gemini AI warns against “vain philosophy” (if you know what questions to ask).

A screen print that says: In the Bible, Paul warns against vain philosophy in Colossians 2:8; See to it that no one takes you captive through philosophy and empty deception, according to the tradition of men, according to the elementary principles of the world, rather than according to Christ... Paul was a trained rabbi who was familiar with the philosophies of his time. He was warning against the dangerous teachings of an early form of Gnosticism, which combined elements of Christianity, Judaism, and Greek philosophy. Paul was concerned that people would try to make Christianity more popular by modernizing it.

Proverbs 9:10 (ESV) says: “The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom, and the knowledge of the Holy One is insight.”

Jeremiah 8:9 (NIV) says: “The wise will be put to shame; they will be dismayed and trapped. Since they have rejected the word of the LORD, what kind of wisdom do they have?”

1 Corinthians 1:20 (NIV) says: “Where is the wise person? Where is the teacher of the law? Where is the philosopher of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of the world?”


Originally published on 19-Dec-2024

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